Enye yezingozi eziphawule kakhulu i-karting eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule ngokungangabazeki eka-Andrea Margutti.Ababaningi abazi ukuthi kube yingozi edabukisayo eyamsusa kithi maduze nje, ingozi edabukisayo njengoba ingeyomlando we-karting.
Enye yalezo zingozi, njengoba sekushiwo izikhathi eziningi ngomlilo omkhulu ka-Romain Grosjean e-Bahrain ekupheleni kuka-2020, yayizoba nemiphumela ehluke kakhulu ukube yenzeka namuhla.U-Andrea omncane kakhulu - isithembiso se-karting yase-Italy kusukela esizukulwaneni sikaTrulli noFisichella - walimala kabi ngokushayisana nesihlalo, okwabangela ukugqashuka kwe-aorta futhi okwalandela, ukopha okubulalayo kwangaphakathi.
Kusukela ezindabeni ezidabukisayo zangalolo suku, kuvela ukuthi u-Andrea wayengagqokile isivikelo sezimbambo, idivayisi yokuzivikela eyayingakasakazeki ngo-1989 futhi abaningi babengayigqoki.Eminyakeni eyalandela, umvikeli wezimbambo waqala ukuba yingxenye yekhithi eyisisekelo yokuphepha komshayeli njengoba, nalapho zingekho izingozi ezimbi, kwabonakala kuwuhlelo oluhle kakhulu.
ukuvimbela lokho kulimala okuncane ohlangothini ngokuvamile okwenza i-karting ibe buhlungu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iwukuzijabulisa noma ukuncintisana.Nokho, iminyaka eminingi, abaningi baye baqhubeka bekhetha isihlalo esimise kahle futhi esenziwe ngokwezifiso kulesi sisekeli, ngisho nokukubheka njengokungafaneleki.Futhi uma ngempela kwenzeka ukhuluma nomkhiqizi wezihlalo, kungabonakala sengathi kukhona labo abathi ukuvimbela kwangempela kokuhlukumezeka ezimbanjeni ngokuyinhloko kwenziwa ngokukhetha okuhle kwesihlalo: lokhu okungenani uma kuziwa ekuhlukumezekeni.kusukela 'kokugqoka' kanye nokucindezeleka kwezimbambo, kunokuhlobene nezingozi zangempela.Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokuvikela okwamanje, njengoba kwenzeka ngokwesibonelo endabeni yezigqoko zokuzivikela nama-ovaroli, kwaqhubeka, kwaze kwaba yilapho “isivikelo sezimbambo” siguqulwa saba yithuluzi elivikela umshayeli ekuhlukumezekeni okuncane ngenxa yokushayela kodwa futhi emiphumeleni eyingozi engaba khona. of, ake sithi, umthelela wangaphambili.Ngokuncishiswa kwama-Mini class kanye nabashayeli abancane nabancane abashayela izimoto ezishesha kakhulu, empeleni, sesiqale ukubhekana nezingozi namacala ahluke kakhulu.
Engxenyeni enikezelwe encazelweni yezingxenye ze-FIA Fiche kungenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi akusona 'isivikeli sezimbambo' esilula, kodwa 'isivikeli somzimba' okuhloswe ngaso ukuvikela indawo yezitho ezibalulekile ezibalulekile. .Ingcaphuno embhalweni osemthethweni othi “NORM FIA 8870-2018 FIA STANDARD 8870- 2018”
“UKUVIKELWA KOMZIMBA 3.1 IDIVAYISI EGQIKA UMSHAYELI UKUZE Ehlise UBUBI BOKULIMALA ESIFUbeni NGESIKHATHI SENGOZI.”
Ukwenza isibonelo nje, cabanga ngekarati eliphuma emgwaqeni bese lishayisana ngqo nesithiyo esithile, kunokuba nelinye ikarati: amandla omthelela umshayeli omdala nengane abangaba nawo esiteringini mkhulu kakhulu. ezahlukene.Endabeni yezingane, ezingeke zibe nokuphikiswa okukhulu ekulungiseleleni umthelela, kuyobaluleka ukuvikela ngokungenzi lutho leyo ngxenye yesifuba (i-sternum) ezoshaya isondo lokuqondisa.
Ngenkathi i-FIA iqala ukusebenzela ukuhlanganisa 'umvikeli wezimbambo' izici zakhe zazisebenza emhlabeni wonke, yaqala ekucabangeni ukuthi akufanele kusaba umvikeli wezimbambo olula, kodwa ngokunembile ukuvikela isifuba nezimbambo.Le divayisi entsha yokuvikela iklanyelwe ukuvimbela izinhlobo ezintathu zokulimala: umthelela onezakhiwo eziyisicaba noma ezigobile;umthelela ngesondo lokuqondisa noma unqenqema lwesihlalo;kanye nomthelela ngekholomu yokuqondisa.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezidingo akuzalwanga emcabangweni womklami olula, kodwa kuwumphumela oqondile wokuhlaziywa kwenani elikhulu lezingozi (isampula engaphezu kwe-130) eyenzeka eKarting eminyakeni yamuva nje kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezingozi. idatha evela kweminye imikhakha yezemidlalo, eye yalawula izisetshenziswa ezifanayo.Ngale ndlela, izindawo eziyinhloko zokuvikela umshini wokuzivikela zachazwa, kucatshangelwa imiphumela izingozi eziye zahilela kubashayeli nangemva kokuthola ukuthi ukulimala okuningi okubi kakhulu kwakubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka esifubeni, ngokuvamile kutholakala ukopha.Izindawo zokuvikela empeleni zimbili (ukuvikela isifuba nokuvikela izimbambo) futhi zikhonjiswe esithombeni esingezansi:
Uma umkhiqizo usuwenziwe, ngesisekelo semininingwane esungulwe yi-FIA, ukuvikelwa komzimba okuzokhishwa kuzohlolwa yindlu yokuhlola egunyazwe yi-FIA.Umbiko wokuhlola uzothunyelwa ku-ASN yezwe lomkhiqizi, okuzosebenza ku-FIA ukuze kuhlanganiswe.Endabeni yokuvikelwa komzimba we-Karting, ilabhorethri esetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa iyona kanye i-NEWTON yase-Italy, ezinze e-Rho esifundazweni saseMilan, iminyaka engamashumi amabili ireferensi yamazwe ngamazwe yokuhlolwa kwezigqoko zokuzivikela (izithuthuthu; izimoto; ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, njll.) , izihlalo kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinto zokuzivikela ongazicabanga ngezemidlalo nangale kwalokho.
“Sisebenza sicabanga ‘ngezifunda’ ezihlukahlukene zomzimba womuntu.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuvikela ukubona/amehlo, ugebhezi lwekhanda noma kwanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yomzimba, ngokuhlolwa kwethu siyakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha amandla amaningi okungenzeka asebenza kuwo ngenxa yemithelela eyenzeka ezimeni zangempela. sebenzisa - Unjiniyela uLuca Cenesese, uMqondisi we-Newton, uyachaza - konke ngokuhambisana nenqubo esungulwe yi-FIA, esithumela uhlu lwezidingo.Okwethu akuyona indima yokuklama, kodwa ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene abawenzayo ngesisekelo seziqondiso ze-Federation, lapho sakhethwa khona ukuba senze ukuhlolwa kwezitifiketi ze-Formula 1 kanye nezigqoko ze-WRC, zezingane. izigqoko zokuzivikela emiqhudelwaneni yekart (i-CMR), izinsiza zohlobo lwe-HANS® nango-2009 zokuhlolwa kwezitifiketi zezihlalo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zeWorld Rally Championship (WRC).I-Karting Body Protection entsha iyingxenye yale logic yokuphepha, i-FIA eye yamukele iminyaka. "
Exoxa no-Eng.UCenedese nabahlanganyeli bakhe endaweni yokuhlolwa lapho besibhekisisa khona (isithombe) imishini okwenziwa ngayo ukuhlolwa komthelela, ebizwa nge-FORCE TRANSMISSION TEST.Sithola ukuthi ingozi kaFelipe Massa kuFomula 1 (i-Hungarian GP 2009 yenza kanjani: uMongameli we-CIK FIA, ngaleso sikhathi umshayeli weFerrari, ushaywe isigqoko esigcwele isiphethu imoto eyayiphambi kwakhe ngenxa yokuphuka) ;lesi sigameko saphawula uhlobo oluthile lokuchitha amanzi emsebenzini wabo futhi.Eqinisweni, izingozi zingase zenzeke ngendlela ephepheni engeke yenzeke kunoma ubani oklama isigqoko sokuzivikela, isivikelo sangemuva nanoma yimuphi omunye umshini.Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ngokwesibonelo, izigqoko zokuzivikela zishintshiwe, okokuqala kancane bese kuthi, ngokuhlangana okulandelanayo, kwethula izivivinyo ezikhiqiza izimo zangempela emikhawulweni yezinto ezingenakwenzeka (ngokwezwi nezwi: manje "udubula" izigqoko ezincane. inganono, into yobukhulu nesisindo saleyo ntwasahlobo 'edumile' eshaye umshayeli wase-Brazil, ed.) Inkomba eyinhloko yomklamo ibe izingozi, hhayi ukuthi ngaphambili bezingekho ngaphambili kodwa ngokuqinisekile ngokwezinga elikhulu neliningiliziwe kakhudlwana. .Saqala ukuhlaziya ingozi ngayinye ngendlela enemininingwane eminingi ukuze sidale imihlahlandlela yokuklama nesakhiwo semikhiqizo (noma izimoto ngokwazo) okuhloswe ngayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokulimala okubi kakhulu.Futhi ngisho noma ekuqaleni ezinye izinyathelo zingahlangabezani nokuthandwa yibo bonke ochwepheshe, imiphumela ibilokhu iqinisekisa ukuthi lena yindlela efanele.
IFANELE IMALI
Mayelana ne-Kart Body Protectors entsha efunwa yi-FIA, abaningi bazobe bezibuza ukuthi kungani izindleko ziphezulu kakhulu kunalezo esezivele zikhona emakethe.Kumele kushiwo ukuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-bureaucracy ngemuva kokugunyazwa kwe-homologation inezindleko ezinkulu kubakhiqizi futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi ukwanelisa izinqubo ezisungulwe yi-homologation kuhilela ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwakha kanye nokwakhiwa "izivikeli zezimbambo" ezintsha zinezingxenye ezi-4 ezihlukene ngokuya ngemininingwane) ezaqala kusukela ekuqaleni, njengoba i-FIA idinga into entsha ngokuphelele enkundleni yezemidlalo yethu.Izindleko ezingaqondwa kangcono uma siqaphela ukuthi inqubo ye-homologation, njengoba ivela kulokho esikuhlolile, iyafana neyesivikelo esifana nesigqoko sokuzivikela - yingakho izindleko 'ezibalulekile' zisemthethweni ngempela.
“SIYASEBENZA SICABANGA 'NGEZINGQIZI' EZEHLUKENE ZOMZIMBA WOMUNTU.KUNGAKHATHALISEKILE UKUTHI UKUVIKELA KOKUBONA/AMEHLO, UKHAKHA NOMA KWANOMA YILUPHI INGXENYE YOMZIMBA, NGEZIVIVINYO ZETHU SIYAKWAZI UKUKHIPHA KABUSHA AMANINGI AMANDLA ABANGASE ABENZA KUWO NGENXA YEMITHELELA Eyenzeka EZIMO ZEMPELA. SEBENZISA.”
ISIVIVINYO
I-Karting Body Protection ingaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-dimensional, ngemva kwalokho ukuhlolwa kwangempela kuqala ngomshini we-“Force Transmission test”, okufanayo okuhlolwa ngakho kwamanye amathuluzi okuphepha njengezithuthuthu nezigqoko zemoto, isivikelo sangemuva sokuhamba ngesithuthuthu noma lawo asetshenziswa ku-motocross.I-trolley (isisindo esiwayo) eyakhiwe umgadli (emispherycal streaker) iwiswa “kumvikeli wezimbambo” ukusuka ezindaweni ezimbili eziphakeme ukuze ikhiqize kabusha amanani amabili wamandla adingwa yimithetho ye-FIA: 60 Joule engxenyeni emaphakathi (esifubeni) kanye no-100 I-Joule ohlangothini nangemuva (ubambo).I-anvil yokuhlola (10 x 10 cm ububanzi) ifaka inzwa (iseli yomthwalo) ezokala ukudluliswa kwamandla.Ukulingisa ukuba khona "kwesifuba somuntu" ibhulokhi ye-polypropylene engu-25mm (enezici ezaziwa futhi ezikhethwe yi-FIA) isetshenziswa.Uma umthelela sewenzekile, uma amandla aphezulu aphezulu aqoshwe nganoma isiphi isikhathi phakathi komthelela angeke adlule ku-1 kN, ukuhlolwa kuyaphasiswa.“Izivikeli zezimbambo” ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kumele zinikezwe ilabhorethri ngamasayizi amabili: encane kunazo zonke nenkulu kunawo wonke futhi kufanele okungenani kube namaphoyinti ama-5 womthelela - njengoba kusungulwe yi-FIA - kodwa angengezwa ngokubona kwe-FIA. ilabhorethri eyenza ukuhlolwa, uma bekholelwa ukuthi kwezinye izindawo umkhiqizo ungase uveze izinto ezibucayi njengasendaweni yama-rivets, ukungenisa umoya noma ukunciphisa izingxenye ezilula (ama-rivets, ama-bolt, ama-buckles, ama-adjuster noma izimbobo ezincane zokungenisa umoya).
Ngemva kokuhlolwa, ilabhorethri ilungiselela imibiko ethunyelwa umenzi kuma-Federations azobe esekhipha amalebula e-homologation namahologram e-FIA azonamathiselwa emikhiqizweni ezofakwa emakethe kamuva.
Kuze kube manje, kukhona abakhiqizi abathathu abaphothule ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ukuze kuvunywe i-FIA, kodwa inani kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke njengoba umthetho osebenzayo kulo nyaka udinga ukusetshenziswa kokuvikela okulinganayo - futhi imifelandawonye kazwelonke ingalandela lo mugqa esikhathini esizayo.Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi wonke lawo madivayisi avikelayo athobela amanani abekwe yi-FIA angavunyelwa kulolu hlobo lokuhlola, inkampani ngayinye ingaba nokuhlolwa kwayo, ngisho noma lokhu kuhlukile ngomqondo nokuklama.Ngokuqondene ngqo nokuklanywa komkhiqizo kanye nokuhambisana kwawo lapho i-FIA igodla khona ilungelo 'lokukhipha' umkhiqizo ohlwini lwalabo okuzovunyelwa ukuvunyelwa kubo.
I-athikili idalwe ngokubambisana noI-Vroom Karting Magazine.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-19-2021