UKULULA YI-KARTING
Ukuze i-karting iphinde yande futhi, sidinga ukubuyela emicabangweni ethile yasekuqaleni, njengokulula.Okuthi ngokombono wenjini kukhombisa injini ehlala ilungile epholisa umoya
ngu-M. Voltini
Kule kholamu yesici, siye sagcizelela kaningi ukuthi enye ye-“conditio sine qua non” yokubuyela ekwandiseni okwanele kwe-karting eyisisekelo, okuwuhlobo oludume kakhulu, emazingeni aphansi, ithatha eminye yemibono yasekuqaleni yalolu hlobo. imoto.Ukuqala ekululameni: isici esisodwa esidonsa abanye abaningi kanye naso, konke kuhle.Okokuqala, i-kart elula nayo ilula futhi ngaleyo ndlela inokusebenza okukhulu;noma ivumela ngisho nabashayeli abasinda kakhulu ukuba baqhudelane ngokuncintisana, ngesisindo esilinganiselwe esilinganiselwe sokulawula.Esinye isici ngokuvamile esingacatshangwa ngendlela okufanele sibe yiso ukuthi ikarati elilula liwathinta kancane amathayi, liwacindezele kancane, ukuze agcine ukusebenza kwawo isikhathi eside futhi ahlale isikhathi eside nezinye izici ezifanayo, ezinezinzuzo zezomnotho ezihlobene.Lokhu kwakamuva, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyanda ngendlela elula eyakhayo ngeqiniso elilula lokuthi lokho okungekho… akubizi!Okokugcina, kukude nesici sesibili ukuthi i-kart elula kulula ukuyiphatha ngakho-ke ingaletha abathanda abaningi abalula ethrekhi, hhayi nje abafundi bonjiniyela noma labo abakwazi ukukhokhela umakhenikha okhethekile.
IZINJINI ZEKART ZE-AIR-COOLED ZINIKEZA UKUSETSHENZISWA KAKHULU KAKHULU, NGESIKHATHI IZINHLELO ZAMANJE ZOKUPHOLISA AMANZI ZIBOSHWE KAKHULU KAKHULU FUTHI NGAPHEZU kwalokho ANGISEBENZE.
UBUHLE BOMOYA
Esikhathini esedlule, sihlaziye ukuthi izigaba eziphumelele kakhulu nezifeziwe yilezo ezinikeza izinjini ezisebenziseka kalula nezilawuleka kalula, hhayi lezo ezinamandla kakhulu ezake zaba khona.Ezokugcina zilungile emikhakheni ephezulu, eyesicoco seCik/ Fia.Kufanelekile ukuveza, eqinisweni, ukuthi ngenkathi kuhlongozwa izinjini “zezinga lomqhudelwano womhlaba”, azizange zehle “phansi”: yilokhu okwenzekile ngokwesibonelo ngama-KF nama-OK.Ngenkathi izinjini ezilungele iqembu elikhulu labashayeli be-kart zifakwa, njenge-125 enama-gearbox angaguquki, e-decompressed kanye ne-carburetor evamile, lezi zazisakazeke kangangokuthi nazo zaba nomthelela ku-KZ World Championship.Ngakho-ke njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi izinjini kufanele zibe nezici zobulula, kulo mzuzu sizogxila esicini esiyisisekelo salesi sici: ukupholisa komoya.Mhlawumbe othile uzophakamisa amakhala, kodwa ngokombono wethu, esimweni esithile se-karting, ukupholisa komoya kusenesizathu esingaphezu esizwakalayo sokuba khona, kuqala ngokunembile kusukela ekubeni lula okuvamile okuqinisekisayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuyiqiniso ukuthi ngokombono ukupholisa uketshezi kuqinisekisa izimo ezingcono zokusebenza zenjini futhi futhi kubuchwepheshe kakhulu, eqinisweni asazi ukuthi lokhu kucabanga kusebenza kangakanani ngempela ezinjinini ze-kart.Noma ubani ongenayo izimpumputhe angabona ngempela ukuthi ezinjinini ze-kart (ngaphandle kwe-Rotax Max) ukuhlelwa kwesistimu yokupholisa amanzi kuphazamisekile ngokuphelele: ama-radiator amakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokufuduka (inkomba, ngaleyo ndlela, ephansi kakhulu. ukusebenza kahle), ama-hydraulic circuits anezicucu zepayipi ezingu-7 (kanye nezinsimbi ezingu-14 ezizoqiniswa…), isidingo sokulungisa ikhethini kurediyetha ngesandla, njalonjalo.Iqiniso lokuthi ku-karting kuphela akwenzekanga ukudala izinhlelo zokupholisa uketshezi ezikwazi ukuzilawula ngokweqiniso ezingeni lokushisa futhi ezinamapayipi amabili kuphela (elilodwa eliya phambili nelilodwa elibuyayo) phakathi kwenjini nerediyetha, kufanele lisenze sicabange (kubi). ).
UBUCHWEPHESHE OKUMELE
Abanye bangase basenze sikholwe ukuthi ukusebenzisa ukupholisa komoya enjinini yekart kuyinto enciphisa isithunzi sayo sobuchwepheshe, kodwa asivumi neze.Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi uma ngisho nanamuhla izigaba eziningi kart zisasebenzisa lolu hlobo lwenjini, kufanele kube nesizathu, futhi sinesibonelo esiphawulekayo: incwadi "Ukusebenza okusezingeni eliphezulu izinjini ezimbili unhlangothi" eyabhalwa Massimo Clarke.Kuleli "bhayibheli" elincane labalandeli besihloko, empeleni, izinjini ze-kart ezipholile emoyeni zimelelwa njengokuziphendukela kwemvelo okuphezulu kwalolu hlobo.Kangangokuthi enye yalezi zinjini ifakwe ngisho nasesembozweni: yiqiniso, kulokhu, ukuba khona kwe-valve ye-disc ejikelezayo ebekwe ngaphambili kubalwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, kodwa kubonakala kucacile kithi ukuthi ngokusobala, ukuba khona kokupholisa. amaphiko ayengamele inegethivu.Kunoma yikuphi, noma ubani osenesikhathi eside elenga emkhakheni wezinjini wazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi kuphela uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle noma lomoya liphezulu ngempela lapho kungaba khona imingcele ethile ekupholiseni komoya, ngasekupheleni komncintiswano.Kodwa-ke, akukho okungaxazululeki noma okucishayo: khumbula nje umkhuba wakudala wokuvala i-inlet ngesandla sakho njalo ukuze ukhuphule uphethiloli enjinini, ngokupholisa kanye nomthelela wokugcoba.Futhi umlobi ngokwakhe ukwazi kahle, ekubeni e-Italy wazithola egijima izikhathi ezimbalwa ngezinsuku ezinezinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-40 ° C. Futhi, ngivumele, uma befuna ukusenza sikholwe ukuthi ukupholisa umoya kunikeza izinkinga, kusho ngempela ukuthi bavala ngamabomu ezinye izinkinga eziningi ezilethwa izinjini ezipholisa amanzi esikhundleni, okuhlanganisa amabhande, ukuvuza kwamanzi, amazinga okushisa akhuphuka kakhulu uma unganakile izinsimbi zokushayela, nokunye.Ingasaphathwa yezindleko.
UKULULA OKUJWAYELEKILE
Njengoba sesibeke isisekelo sokwenza kuqondwe ukuthi injini epholisa umoya isawafanele ama-karts, ake sibone ukuthi isimo sangempela siyini.Ngaphandle kokucabangela izinjini ze-Minikart kodwa kuphela "zabantu abadala", singabona kalula ukuthi kusenezigaba ezithatha izinjini ezipholile ngempumelelo futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezithile ezihlobene nokupholisa: eyodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke (kodwa hhayi eyodwa kuphela) I-Easykart.Ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukuthi kunezimo zasendaweni ezibona izigaba ezibalulekile eziqhutshwa yizinjini zalolu hlobo, njenge-TKM yase-UK noma i-Raket yaseScandinavia.Kunoma ikuphi, abakhiqizi bezinjini abakhulu baseYurophu basenazo izinguqulo zezinjini ezipholile emoyeni kukhathalogi yabo ezingase zamukelwe uchungechunge oluthile emhlabeni wonke, okuthi ngenxa yezici zabo zomnotho zibe nempumelelo ethile, nakuba zilinganiselwe ezindaweni ezithile.Ngokwaleli phuzu, inkinga yangempela ukuthi iziphathimandla zezemidlalo zamazwe ngamazwe aziboni kusengaphambili izigaba “ezithulisiwe” ezinalolu hlobo lwenjini.Yikuphi, uma kungenangqondo bekungeke kusakhiqizwa, akunjalo?Esikhundleni salokho… Isibonelo esingathanda ukusigqamisa umkhiqizi wase-Australia i-PRD, ekukhiqizeni kwayo injini enebanga elibanzi lama-singlespeed angu-100 nangu-125, kokubili okupholisa uketshezi kanye nomoya.Uchungechunge olungashintshwa ngezindlela eziningi, kwezinye izindlela zokwakha ezihlukile: imbobo yepiston noma i-valve yomhlanga, idrayivu eqondile noma nge-centrifugal clutch, isiqalo sikagesi noma cha… kunezinketho eziningi.Esingathanda ukukugqamisa, nokho, ukuthi amanani omthengi wase-Austrian abangela amahloni ngempela (kwabanye): asukela ngaphansi kwama-euro ayi-1,000 (kufakwe i-carburetor ne-muffler) ngenjini elula, ichweba le-piston engu-100/125 idrayivu eqondile isuka ku-17/21 hp, iye ngaphansi kwama-euro angu-2,000 okwehlukile kwevalve yomhlanga epholile ngomoya eneziqalisi zikagesi kanye ne-centrifugal clutch, cishe engama-23 hp.Ama-HP ngaphezu kwalokho anele leso sigaba esivame ukukhuluma ngaso ukuthi ngokomnotho nokusebenza (nokuzijabulisa) kufanele kubekwe phakathi kokuqashwa/ukubekezela kanye nomjaho wamanje.
ABAKHIQIZI BEZINJINI ABANINGI BASENEZINYUNYANA EZOKUPHOLISA UMOYA ,EKHATHAGENI LABO, ZIHLOMISA IZIGABA EZAHLUKENE EMHLABENI.
YIKUPHI OKWENGEZIWE
Kafushane, ngokubona kwethu, sikhona ngempela isikhala sesigaba sekart esisodwa noma ngaphezulu esiqashelwa i-Cik/Fia ngezinjini ezipholile emoyeni futhi samiswa ukuze sikhuthaze ukuthandwa kwalo mdlalo emhlabeni wonke.Singathanda futhi ukungeza ukuthi ukucabanga kabusha kwe-karting ngalo mqondo kungavula noma kudedele imiqondo ethile futhi kuholele ezinzuzweni ezengeziwe ngokubuka kwezobuchwepheshe.Isibonelo, singacabanga ngenjini enamaphiko “avalekile,” enezidluliseli eziseceleni (kodwa nasekhanda) okuthi ngokuhambisa umoya ngeshaneli ithuthukise ukupholisa futhi inciphise umsindo.Uma-ke sicabanga ukuthi injini yokushayela eqondile ilula kodwa futhi i-anachronistic (phela, nathi sikholelwa ukuthi isiqalisi "sesitayela se-100" asisanele, ngenkulungwane yesithathu yeminyaka) sisamema amandla-akhona ukukhetha. ubuchopho babo futhi bathole enye isistimu yokuqala kagesi (ihlala iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi iyinkinga) kusukela uhlobo lwe-push alumeleli inkinga nge-KZ.Ngokungeziwe kuma-decompressor afana nalawo asetshenziswe kokuthi KULUNGILE, angasebenzi ngokuphelela kodwa kuphela ngenxa yokuthi anosayizi ombi, izixazululo ezintsha ze-clutch ze-centrifugal zingacwaningwa ezenza ama-karts alawuleke kalula futhi abe ezesimanje ngesikhathi esifanayo.Okufikayo emqondweni, isibonelo, i-clutch esavumela ukusunduza-ukuqala.Akwenzeki: ibikhona, ngokwesibonelo, kuma-Honda Super Cub (imoto enamasondo amabili ethengiswa kakhulu eyake yaba khona) sibonga ijoyinti lendlela eyodwa elivumele ukusunduza- ukuqala uma kunezinkinga naphezu kokuba khona kwe-clutch ezenzakalelayo.Noma ungase uguqule i-classic singlespeed centrifugal clutch ukuze ikwazi ukusetshenziswa mathupha lapho idingeka, okusho ukuqala, uma kwenzeka i-spin noma ngisho nokuhamba kalula ku-paddock.Amathuba akhona: okudingekayo nje ukucabanga ngakho.Futhi mhlawumbe kungaba ngcono ukuthi othile akwenze manje ngaphambi kokuba amaShayina acabange ngakho… noma cha?Lesi futhi isici okufanele sicabange ngaso.
UKUMUMELA IZINJINI EZIPHOLISIWE “SEMOYENI” “EZIMO ZOBUCIKO NAZO KUKHONZA UKUCABANGA KABUSHA I-KARTING, OKUPHUMELE EZINYE UBUHLE KWEZINYE IZINTO EZININGI.
I-athikili idalwe ngokubambisana noI-Vroom Karting Magazine
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-01-2021